What are the two general approaches for running commands on Unix/Linux with root privileges?

The correct answer reflects two common methods by which users can execute commands with root privileges in Unix/Linux environments. Using root credentials allows an administrator or a user with sufficient privileges to directly log in as the root user, granting full access to the system and the ability to run any command without restrictions.

Additionally, limited sudo access is another vital approach. The sudo command (short for "superuser do") allows a permitted user to execute a command as the superuser or another user, as specified by the security policy in the /etc/sudoers file. This method is particularly useful because it grants temporary elevated privileges for specific commands rather than giving full root access, thereby enhancing security by controlling which users can execute which commands with elevated permissions.

The combination of these two approaches covers both direct and more controlled methods of gaining root access, which is crucial for system administration and security practices in Unix/Linux systems.